This letter investigates the use of 3-D printing for fabricating conductance-based force sensors with cell-based geometries. Three mathematically defined structures, i.e., sine wave, circle, and Reuleaux triangle, were implemented using single traxels (3D-printed conductive tracks) to maximize contact area and enabling consistent fabrication. The sensors were produced via fused deposition modeling and programmed using FullControl G-code, enabling direct translation of mathematical functions into print paths. The sine wave design achieved the highest sensitivity (0.035 N−1) and 95% linearity, consistent with constriction resistance theory. All designs demonstrated reliable performance with minimal process-induced variation. These findings highlight the potential of traxel-based 3-D printing as a cost-effective and customizable approach for producing force sensors suited for applications in human–machine interfacing and soft robotics.

The advent of conformable electronic devices has led to immense development in emerging sectors, such as biosensors, flexible electronics, and wearable applications. Fabrication of serpentine interconnect is of supreme importance for the feasibility of the flexible electronics system. In this work, biodegradable textile is considered as a flexible or stretchable substrate. The use of textiles in electronics has emerged as a compelling solution for wearable electronics applications. Due to its robust characteristics, including multiple stretching capabilities and frictionless properties, it serves as an excellent substrate. The stretchable interconnect is another essential entity in the development of wearable devices. In the current work, this is fabricated over biodegradable textile using serpentine structure and graphene as conductive material. In addition to fabrication, the driver-interconnect-load (DIL) model of the stretchable interconnect is novelly incorporated to assess its signal integrity. In the domain of reconfigurable systems, the DIL model plays a crucial role in achieving the reliability of electronic system design. The interconnect design is vital to mitigate timing issues and enhance system performance. This letter explores the optimization and significance of stretchable interconnects within the DIL framework.

The most urgent task in the seismic perception system is to realize the efficient classification of ground-moving targets. This letter uses embedded adaptive learning technology to solve the timeliness problem of real-time moving target monitoring. For the target recognition task, a neural network based on an attention mechanism was proposed, which effectively paid attention to the temporal features and the deep nonlinear features. The spatial attention mechanism is added to concentrate on the weight of useful information, which improved the accuracy of target recognition and effectively saved time. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by different target signals collected in this deployment. Whether in a normal dataset or a noisy dataset, the dense neural network model based on an attention mechanism achieves an accuracy rate of more than 97% in the classification tasks of five types of targets, and at the same time greatly improves the computational efficiency. This solves the problems of time-consuming feature extraction and insufficient robustness.

In this letter, we spotlight a flexible stainless steel (FSS)-based hybrid electrode with phosphotungstic acid-copper-embedded poly (aniline) (FSS/PANI/PTA/Cu) composite for the efficient detection of L-ascorbic acid (AA). Single pot electrodeposition has been engaged in fabricating PANI/PTA/Cu composite on FSS via cyclic voltammetry (CV). The successful composite fabrication has been authenticated through physicochemical characterization, including its structural geometry, surface morphology, and molecular vibrational properties, which were analyzed through X-ray crystallography, field emission scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectrophotometers. The electrochemical sensing performances were examined using CV and chronoamperometric analysis. The flexible sensor measured a sensitivity of 3.79 mA/mM with a detection limit of 7.9 µM for AA. This performance results from the combined synergetic action of PANI, PTA, and Cu, which enabled efficient ionic diffusion and seamless electron transfer through a high density of accessible electroactive sites. In addition, the flexible sensor electrode exhibited remarkable selectivity for AA, with negligible interference from coexisting species, highlighting its potential for healthcare diagnostic applications in near future.